The Next Frontier: How the Integration of AI Transforms Manufacturing for a Sustainable Future

Abstract

With the advent of Industry 4.0, which makes use of cutting-edge technologies like IoT, AI, and BDA to empower smart factories to make autonomous choices, the manufacturing sector has seen a substantial transition. However, realising the potential of these smart factories is difficult due to compatibility issues. In this paper, we provide a framework to accomplish interoperability in Industry 4.0 that consists of four parts: smart industrial infrastructure, communication protocols, integration design, and data management. We examine contemporary interoperability options, their advantages and disadvantages, and how they affect the effectiveness and performance of smart factories. In order to establish interoperability in smart factories, we also offer standards for assessing interoperability levels and suggest solutions like middleware, standardised communication protocols, and single integration architecture.